Q. What is the basis of recognition of minorities in Indian constitution?

Explanation by: Mr. Dubey

The Indian Constitution does not recognize minorities solely based on religion. Instead, minorities are determined based on their population percentage in a particular area (state or country).
Key Legal Provisions:
Article 29 & 30 (Cultural and Educational Rights)
Protects the rights of both religious and linguistic minorities.
TMA Pai Case (2002)
The Supreme Court ruled that minorities should be identified at the state level based on their population percentage.
National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992
Recognizes six religious minorities but only based on population ratio.
Why Not (A) Religion?
If religion were the sole criterion, all religious groups would be considered minorities in some context.
However, linguistic minorities are also included, which proves that population proportion is the main factor.
Thus, (C) Ratio of the community to total population is the correct answer.