In Python, variables are used to store values, and data types define the kind of values stored in variables. 1. What is a Variable?A variable is like a container that holds data. It allows us to store and reuse values in a program.Declaring a VariableIn Python, you don’t need to specify the d

Python is a simple, beginner-friendly, and powerful programming language used in web development, data science, automation, artificial intelligence, and more.Why Should You Learn Python?Easy to Understand → Python has a straightforward syntax similar to English.Versatile → It can be used for mul

def new_string(str): if len(str) >= 2 and str[:2] == "Is":   return str return "Is" + strprint(new_string("Array"))print(new_string("IsEmpty"))     Output:IsArray                             &

def larger_string(str, n):  result = ""  for i in range(n):     result = result + str  return resultprint(larger_string('abc', 2))print(larger_string('.py', 3))     Output:abcabc                      

def sum_thrice(x, y, z):    sum = x + y + z     if x == y == z:     sum = sum * 3    return sumprint(sum_thrice(1, 2, 3))print(sum_thrice(3, 3, 3))     Output:6                     &nbs

def near_thousand(n):     return ((abs(1000 - n) <= 100) or (abs(2000 - n) <= 100))print(near_thousand(1000))print(near_thousand(900))print(near_thousand(800))   print(near_thousand(2200))     Output:True               

def difference(n):   if n <= 17:       return 17 - n   else:       return (n - 17) * 2print(difference(22))print(difference(14))     Output:10                       &n

pi = 3.1415926535897931r= 6.0V= 4.0/3.0*pi* r**3print('The volume of the sphere is: ',V)    Output:The volume of the sphere is:  904.7786842338603  

The function returns date object with same year, month and day. All arguments are required. Arguments may be integers, in the following ranges:MINYEAR <= year <= MAXYEAR1 <= month <= 121 <= day <= number of days in the given month and yearIf an argument outside those ranges is give

print("""a string that you "don't" have to escapeThisis a  ....... multi-lineheredoc string --------> example""")      Output:a string that you "don't" have to escape                                

Code:import calendary = int(input("Input the year : "))m = int(input("Input the month : "))print(calendar.month(y, m))     Output:Input the year : 2017                                       

In Python, __doc__ is a special attribute that contains the documentation string for a module, class, function, or method. The documentation string is a brief description of the object and is often used to provide documentation for the object in the Python documentation.Sample function: abs()print(a

Code:a = int(input("Input an integer : "))n1 = int( "%s" % a )n2 = int( "%s%s" % (a,a) )n3 = int( "%s%s%s" % (a,a,a) )print (n1+n2+n3)     Output:615  

Python program to display the examination schedule. (extract the date from exam_st_date).exam_st_date = (11, 12, 2014)Sample Output: The examination will start from : 11 / 12 / 2014 Code:exam_st_date = (11,12,2014)print( "The examination will start from : %i / %i / %i"%exam_st_date)   &nbs

color_list = ["Red","Green","White" ,"Black"]color_list = ["Red","Green","White" ,"Black"]print( "%s %s"%(color_list[0],color_list[-1]))     Output:Red Black 	

filename = input("Input the Filename: ")f_extns = filename.split(".")print ("The extension of the file is : " + repr(f_extns[-1]))     Output:Input the Filename: abc.java                                 &n

Sample data: 3, 5, 7, 23Python list:A list is a container which holds comma separated values (items or elements) between square brackets where items or elements need not all have the same type. In general, we can define a list as an object that contains multiple data items (elements). The contents o

Python has two functions designed for accepting data directly from the user:Python 2.x. -> raw_input()Python 3.x. -> input()raw_input():raw_input() asks the user for a string of data and simply returns the string, the string data ended with a newline). It can also take an argument, which is di

#Write a Python program which accepts the radius of a circle from the user and compute the area Python: Area of a CircleIn geometry, the area enclosed by a circle of radius r is πr2. Here the Greek letter π represents a constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, which is equal to the ratio of 

#Write a Python program to display the current date and time.import datetimenow = datetime.datetime.now()print ("Current date and time : ")print (now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))     Output:Current date and time : 2014-07-05 14:34:14 

# Program to generate a random number between 0 and 9# importing the random moduleimport randomprint(random.randint(0, 9))

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python 3 code to find sum# of elements in given arraydef _sum(arr):   # initialize a variable   # to store the sum   # while iterating through   # the array later   sum = 0   # iterate through the a

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python program for implementation of Bubble Sortdef bubbleSort(arr):   n = len(arr)   # Traverse through all array elements   for i in range(n - 1):   # range(n) also work but outer loop will repeat one time more than 

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python program for implementation of Quicksort Sort# This function takes last element as pivot, places# the pivot element at its correct position in sorted# array, and places all smaller (smaller than pivot)# to left of pivot and all greater elements to righ

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python code to count the number of occurrencesdef countX(lst, x):   count = 0   for ele in lst:       if ele == x:           count = count + 1   return count# Driver Codelst = [&

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Reversing a list using reversed()def Reverse(lst):   return [ele for ele in reversed(lst)]# Driver Codelst = [   10,   11,   12,   13,   14,   15,   ]print Reverse(lst)

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python3 program to swap first# and last element of a list# Swap functiondef swapList(newList):   size = len(newList)   # Swapping   temp = newList[0]   newList[0] = newList[size - 1]   newList[size - 1] = tem

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python3 program to find maximum# in arr[] of size n# python function to find maximum# in arr[] of size ndef largest(arr, n):   # Initialize maximum element   max = arr[0]   # Traverse array elements from second   # and

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Program to sort alphabetically the words form a string provided by the user# To take input from the usermy_str = input('Enter a string: ')# breakdown the string into a list of wordswords = [word.lower() for word in my_str.split()]# sort the listwords.sort()#

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Program to check if a string is palindrome or notmy_str = 'aibohphobia'# make it suitable for caseless comparison# reverse the stringrev_str = reversed(my_str)# check if the string is equal to its reverseif list(my_str) == list(rev_str):   print 'T

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python program to find H.C.F of two numbers# define a functiondef compute_hcf(x, y):# choose the smaller number   if x > y:       smaller = y   else:       smaller = x   for i in range(

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Program to find the ASCII value of the given characterc = 'p'print ("The ASCII value of '" + c + "' is", ord(c))

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Program to display the Fibonacci sequence up to n-th termnterms = int(input('How many terms? '))# first two terms(n1, n2) = (0, 1)count = 0# check if the number of terms is validif nterms <= 0:   print 'Please enter a positive integer'elif nterm

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python program to check if the number is an Armstrong number or not# take input from the usernum = int(input('Enter a number: '))# initialize sumsum = 0# find the sum of the cube of each digittemp = numwhile temp > 0:   digit = temp % 10  &

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python program to find the factorial of a number provided by the user.# change the value for a different result# To take input from the usernum = int(input('Enter a number: '))factorial = 1# check if the number is negative, positive or zeroif num < 0:&nbs

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python program to find the largest number among the three input numbers# change the values of num1, num2 and num3# for a different result# uncomment following lines to take three numbers from usernum1 = float(input('Enter first number: '))num2 = float(input(

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Solve the quadratic equation ax**2 + bx + c = 0# import complex math moduleimport cmatha = 1b = 5c = 6# calculate the discriminantd = b ** 2 - 4 * a * c# find two solutionssol1 = (-b - cmath.sqrt(d)) / (2 * a)sol2 = (-b + cmath.sqrt(d)) / (2 * a)print 'The s

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python Program to find the area of triangle# Uncomment below to take inputs from the usera = float(input('Enter first side: '))b = float(input('Enter second side: '))c = float(input('Enter third side: '))# calculate the semi-perimeters = (a + b + c) / 2# cal

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Python program to swap two variables# To take inputs from the userx = input('Enter value of x: ')y = input('Enter value of y: ')# create a temporary variable and swap the valuestemp = xx = yy = tempprint 'The value of x after swapping: {}'.format(x)print 'Th

In python , there are two type of loops-- for loop- while loopwhile loop are simple loop which run until the condition will not become false Syntax :- while(condition):body of whileProgrami=20print("While loop start")while(i>10):print(i)i=i-1print("While loop ends")Output-While loop sta

There are two type of loop in python -- for loop- while loop-At the time of execution of loop, if we want to terminate the loop before its actual termination point then we use break inside loop or we can say break is used to terminate the loop and resume the next instruction in the program.- break i

In function some times we need to return the value at back to the calling point of the function so that the return value is further used in program , generally in other programming like C language, we only return one value but in python we return number of values.- for returning the items we have a 

Program code#add two number by seperate functiondef add(a,b):return a+ba=int(input("Enter first numbern"))b=int(input("Enter second numbern"))#add and printprint("Sum is "+str(a+b))#add by function callingans=add(a,b)print("sum is "+str(ans))print(add(a,b))Output-Enter first number2Enter second numb

For calculating the sum of all numbers in the list in python, firstly we are aware of the list in python. list is mutable data type in python which hold a collection of items of different type.example -we have a list mylist=[1,2,3,4,5,6] and sum of all numbers in this list is :- 21 pr

In other programming language like C,C++, JAVA, we have a increment(++) and decrement(--) operator which increase and decrease the value respectively.example -a=3a++a will become 4a--a--a will become 2-But in python this type of operation is not validprogram -a=3a++print(a)a--a--print(a)output- 

Set in python are also similar as the list but in set items can never be repeated but in list items may repeated. Set is a immutable data type because in set , items value are not changes or index operation is not allowed.Even in set any kind of index operation is not allowed.Example of set:- S

What is type casting -Conversion of one data type to another type is called type casting that means in programming at runtime we change the type of the data or variable which store data.Possible Type casting -int to floatfloat to intint to stringnumeric string to intlist to stringlist to setset to l

String and list both are the different data type of different domain and structure of both data type is different. So when we want to convert list to string, we must aware of string as well as list in python.Example of conversion- List=['Hello','String']And we want to make a string which is loo

String and list both are the different data type of different domain and structure of both data type is different. So when we want to convert string to list, we must aware of string as well as list in python.Example of conversion-String1='Mytext'And we want to make a list which is look like �List=

List is a mutable collection of the elements which belongs to different class of the data type, item in list are separated by comma (,) and list is enclosed in square brackets ([]),.List are very much similar to the array in c , but the major difference in both list and array in c is that item in li

Tuple in python also a sequence data type similar as list, item in tuple is separated by comma(,) and enclosed by parentheses.Tuple is immutable that means in tuple we can not modified the index value.Update is not allowed or addition new item are also not allowedTuple is read only listProgram-t=(1,

Python dictionary are the hash table type data. It arrangement are the two dimensional type or we can say each item contain two values ,one is key and another one is value corresponding to their keyDictionary is the mutable data typeEach item in dictionary are separated by the comma(,) and enclosed 

String is a collection of characters, python provides simple and easy way to manage or manipulate the string. In Python, single character are also a string of length one and string in python are immutable.String is Immutable :-It means that at runtime we can not change the index value in the string 

In Python, Zip() is an In-build function in which we pass two list as a argument and it will give or return the dictionary of python.Basically it take two list and take items of first list as a key and items of second list as a corresponding valuesExample - L1=[1,2,3]L2=[4,,5,6]ans= zip(L1,L2)h

Range in python is a in-build function which return the collection of sequential numbers started from the 0 by default up to specified range. It uses in python programming where we want to generate some sequential numbers.Example -range(4) will give 0,1,2,3range(1,5) will give 1,2,3,4range(5,1) will

In python 3, we have a print function for printing any string or statement on console. Here we are able to pass our string in single,double and triple quotation .i,e all three quotation are valid and we do not require to add a semicolon at the end of the line in python because python is a scripting 

Python3 provide build-in function input() to take input or data from the user at the runtime of the program. python have print() function for display the data and input() for get the data, but here input() function have a capability of display and get the data from user side simultaneously.Syntax : 

Basic data type in Python-followings are the basic data type in python:-1. bool2. int 3. float4. str5. list6. set7. tuple8. dict BoolContain boolean values i.e. true or falseexample :- a=True print(a) // output - True ________________________________________Intcontain i

read()-- read() is a python file function which are used to read the existing file.Syntax-f=open('file.txt','r')f.read()-Here 'f' is the object which points the existing file.Append in file-Syntax-f=open('file.txt','a')f.write(string)-Here string is the content which we want to append into the file.

read()-read() is a python file function which are used to read the existing file.Syntax-f.read()Here 'f' is the object which points the existing file.write()- write() is a python file function which are used to write in the file. If the file is not exist then write() function create new fi

-Python supports file handling and allow users to handles the file.-user can easily perform many operation on file like read,write, modification etc.-the concept of file handling in python was inherit from the other old languages like c,c++.Open a file-Syntax-f=open(filename,mode)-Here filename is t