11000+ Important MCQs for CIVIL SERVICES

Explanation :

The Sundarbans is a natural region comprising southern Bangladesh and a part in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world.

Explanation :

On December 26, 2004, a massive earthquake (9.1-9.3 magnitude) struck off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.

It triggered a devastating tsunami that affected multiple countries around the Indian Ocean, causing massive destruction and loss of life.


Other Options Explained:

(A) Irian Jaya – A province in eastern Indonesia, not affected by the 2004 earthquake.

(C) Kalibangan – An ancient Indus Valley Civilization site in India, unrelated to Indonesia.

(D) Java – Another Indonesian island, but the earthquake's epicenter was near Sumatra.


Thus, the correct answer is (B) Sumatra

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Explanation :

Terrace cultivation is a farming method used on hill slopes, where land is cut into step-like terraces to reduce water runoff and prevent soil erosion.

This method slows down the flow of water, allowing it to absorb into the soil rather than washing it away.


Other Options Explained:

(A) Afforestation – Helps prevent erosion by planting trees, but not as effective for steep slopes.

(C) Strip cropping – Used in flat or gently sloping lands, not ideal for steep hills.

(D) Contour ploughing – Helps on gentle slopes, but terracing is more effective on steep hills.


Thus, the correct answer is (B) Terrace cultivation.

Explanation :

The term "Geography" was first coined by the Greek scholar Eratosthenes in the 3rd century BCE.

He is also known as the "Father of Geography" and is famous for calculating the Earth's circumference with remarkable accuracy.


Other Options Explained:

(A) Ptolemy – A Greek-Roman geographer who wrote "Geographia", but did not coin the term.

(C) Hecataeus – An early Greek historian and geographer, but he did not coin the term.

(D) Herodotus – Known as the "Father of History", but not associated with naming geography.


Thus, the correct answer is (B) Eratosthenes.

Explanation :

Western Ghats is called the "ecological hotspot of India" because it is one of the biodiversity hotspots in the world.

It has rich flora and fauna, including many endemic species found nowhere else.

It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site due to its ecological importance.


Other Options Explained:

(B) Eastern Ghats – Also rich in biodiversity but not as significant as the Western Ghats.

(C) Western Himalayas – Biodiverse but not classified as a global biodiversity hotspot.

(D) Eastern Himalayas – Also an important ecological zone but Western Ghats is more recognized as a biodiversity hotspot.


Thus, the correct answer is (A) Western Ghats.

Explanation :

The Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest irrigation canal in India, with a total length of 650 km.

It originates from the Harike Barrage in Punjab and provides irrigation to the Thar Desert region of Rajasthan.

This canal has transformed arid regions of Rajasthan into fertile agricultural lands.


Other Options Explained:

(A) Sirhind Canal – A major canal in Punjab, but not the longest.

(B) Yamuna Canal – Important for irrigation but shorter than Indira Gandhi Canal.

(D) East Kosi Canal – Provides irrigation to Bihar but is not the longest.


Thus, the correct answer is (C) Indira Gandhi Canal.

Explanation :

Loktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India and is famous for the phumdis floating over it. The lake is located at Moirang in Manipur state, India. The etymology of Loktak is Lok = "stream" and tak = "the end".

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Explanation :

The Western Ghats are higher in the southern region and gradually decrease in elevation as they extend northward.

Anai Mudi (2,695 m) in Kerala is the highest peak in the Western Ghats.

The Tapi River flows south of the Satpura range, and both the Narmada and Tapi rivers flow through rift valleys.


Other Options Explained:

(B) Tapi river lies to the South of Satpura → Correct

(C) Anai Mudi is the highest peak in the Western Ghats → Correct

(D) The Narmada and Tapi river valleys are old rift valleys → Correct


Thus, the incorrect statement is (A) The Western Ghats are relatively higher in their Northern region.