The Non - Cooperation Movement has had four main causes:
1. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and Resultant Punjab Disturbances
2. Dissatisfaction with Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
3. Rowlatt Act
4. Khilafat Agitation

1. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre and Resultant Punjab Disturbances
On April 13, 1919, a 

Noncooperation movement, unsuccessful attempt in 1920–22, organized by Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi, to induce the British government of India to grant self-government, or swaraj, to India. It was one of Gandhi’s first organized acts of large-scale civil disobedience (satyagraha).

The movement a

Though there are various theories, the exact reason is still unknown. As per a recent study by IIT Kharagpur and Archaeological Survey of India, a weaker monsoon might have been the cause of the decline of Indus Valley Civilization. Environmental changes, coupled with a loss of power of rulers (cent

1. The systematic method of weights and measures ( 16 and its multiples).
2. Pictographic Script, Boustrophedon script – Deciphering efforts by I. Mahadevan
3. Equal status to men and women
4. Economic Inequality, not an egalitarian society
5. Textiles – Spinning and weaving
6. 3 types – 

1. Pashupathi Mahadev (Proto Siva)
2. Mother goddess
3. Nature/ Animal worship
4. Unicorn, Dove, Peepal Tree, Fire
Amulets
5. Idol worship was practised ( not a feature of Aryans)
6. Did not construct temples.
7. The similarity to Hindu religious practises. (Hinduism in its present form origi

HARAPPA
1. Seals out of stones
2. Citadel outside on banks of river Ravi

MOHENJODARO
1. Great Bath, Great Granary, Dancing Girl, Man with Beard, Cotton, Assembly hall.
2. The term means ” Mount of the dead”
3. On the bank of river Indus
4. Believed to have been destructed by flood or in

1. BC. 2700- BC.1900 ie for 800 years.
2. On the valleys of river Indus.
3. Also known as Harappan Civilization.
Beginning of city life.
4. Harappan Sites discovered by – Dayaram 5. Sahni (1921) – Montgomery district, Punjab, Pakistan.
6. Mohanjodaro discovered by – R. D. Banerji – Lark

Indus Valley Civilization was the first major civilization in South Asia,  which spread across a vast area of land in present-day India and Pakistan (around 12 lakh sq.km).

The time period of mature Indus Valley Civilization is estimated between BC. 2700- BC.1900 ie. for 800 years. But early Indu